1、 光伏并網柜簡介

      分(fen)布式并(bing)網光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系統(tong)是(shi)利用光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)組(zu)件將太陽能(neng)(neng)直接轉變為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式，并(bing)且(qie)能(neng)(neng)一定程(cheng)度保(bao)證發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的穩(wen)定性、可靠性及供給配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)質量(liang)，是(shi)一種新型的、環保(bao)型且(qie)具有長遠發(fa)(fa)展前景(jing)的發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)。該系統(tong)在用戶(hu)所在場(chang)地或附近建(jian)設(she)(she)運行，以(yi)用戶(hu)側(ce)自發(fa)(fa)自用為(wei)(wei)主、多余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量(liang)上(shang)網且(qie)在配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網系統(tong)平(ping)衡調節為(wei)(wei)特征(zheng)的光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施。它(ta)能(neng)(neng)夠就(jiu)近逐步解決用戶(hu)的用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)問(wen)題，通(tong)過(guo)并(bing)網送去實現供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)差額的補償(chang)與外送。光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源處(chu)于用戶(hu)側(ce)，發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供給當地負荷，可以(yi)有效(xiao)減少(shao)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的依賴(lai)，減少(shao)線路損耗(hao)。通(tong)過(guo)借(jie)助(zhu)建(jian)筑物表面，將光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)作為(wei)(wei)建(jian)筑材料，從而有效(xiao)地增加光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的占地面積。分(fen)布式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)規模較(jiao)小，可以(yi)根據實際要求(qiu)進行建(jian)設(she)(she)，建(jian)設(she)(she)區域選擇性較(jiao)大(da)，在未(wei)來(lai)能(neng)(neng)源綜合(he)利用發(fa)(fa)展中有很大(da)的發(fa)(fa)展空間。

      并(bing)網(wang)柜主要由刀閘(zha)、斷路器及有(you)關的控制(zhi)元件組成(cheng)，由于其連(lian)接(jie)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機系(xi)統(tong)和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)系(xi)統(tong)，安裝有(you)完備的并(bing)網(wang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)裝置，起到發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機并(bing)網(wang)作(zuo)用(yong)，而(er)被稱為“并(bing)網(wang)柜"。 光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)并(bing)網(wang)柜作(zuo)為光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的總(zong)(zong)出口存在于光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)，是連(lian)接(jie)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)的配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝置，可(ke)以(yi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、計量光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的總(zong)(zong)量，方便故障檢(jian)(jian)修管理，提高(gao)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的安全(quan)性和(he)(he)經濟(ji)效益。具備檢(jian)(jian)失壓(ya)分閘(zha)、檢(jian)(jian)有(you)壓(ya)合閘(zha)、過(guo)流(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、過(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、孤島保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、防逆流(liu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)、諧(xie)波治理、無功補(bu)償(chang)等多項保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)功能，同時具備顯示(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)運(yun)行參數和(he)(he)狀態指(zhi)示(shi)，被廣泛運(yun)用(yong)于光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)，與光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)并(bing)網(wang)逆變器配(pei)套使用(yong)可(ke)組成(cheng)一套完整的光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)解決方案。

2、 光伏并網柜綜合監測解決方案

      光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)并網(wang)(wang)柜在運(yun)行中，會(hui)出現(xian)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)側電(dian)(dian)壓、頻率(lv)(lv)等(deng)(deng)方面的(de)波動(dong)對本站造成(cheng)沖擊、負荷過高等(deng)(deng)現(xian)象，不僅會(hui)對電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)設備造成(cheng)損壞(huai)還(huan)會(hui)威脅到(dao)維(wei)護人(ren)員的(de)生(sheng)命安全。諧波問題(ti)是光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)的(de)主要問題(ti)，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)使用(yong)交、直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)逆變(bian)器，由于逆變(bian)器是通過半導體功率(lv)(lv)開關的(de)開通和(he)關斷作用(yong)，把(ba)直(zhi)流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)轉變(bian)成(cheng)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)，在此環節(jie)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)諧波問題(ti)。另(ling)外(wai)由于光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)項目的(de)不確定性，造成(cheng)輸出功率(lv)(lv)的(de)隨機波動(dong)，導致(zhi)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)頻率(lv)(lv)偏差、電(dian)(dian)壓波動(dong)與閃變(bian)等(deng)(deng)。

      針對上述情況，本解決方案利用防孤島保護裝置采集并網電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)、頻率及電(dian)網進(jin)(jin)線電(dian)流等信號，當發(fa)生(sheng)孤島現象時(shi)，快速(su)(su)切除并網點，使本站與電(dian)網側快速(su)(su)脫離。同時(shi)配置(zhi)電(dian)能質量(liang)在線監(jian)測(ce)裝置(zhi)，對電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)諧波(bo)、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)波(bo)動與閃變、頻率偏差、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)不平(ping)衡(heng)度、電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)暫降/暫升/短時(shi)中(zhong)斷等進(jin)(jin)行實時(shi)監(jian)測(ce)。通過這兩種設備在光(guang)伏并網柜中(zhong)的使用(yong)，為電(dian)網的可(ke)靠運(yun)行提供保(bao)障(zhang)。本解決方案設備配置(zhi)方案如(ru)表一。

表一 配置方案

3、 產品簡介

3.1 AM5SE-IS微(wei)機保護裝置

      AM5SE-IS防孤島保護裝置主要(yao)適用于(yu)35kV、10kV及低壓380V光伏(fu)發電(dian)、燃氣發電(dian)等新能(neng)源并網(wang)供電(dian)系(xi)統。當發生孤島現(xian)象時，可(ke)以(yi)快速(su)切除并網(wang)點，使本站與(yu)電(dian)網(wang)側(ce)快速(su)脫離，保證整個電(dian)站和相關維護人員(yuan)的生命安全。

?技術參數

?主要功能

?外形及開孔尺寸

?安裝方法

裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)采用(yong)面(mian)板嵌入(ru)式安裝，首先在(zai)(zai)屏體面(mian)板上(shang)按(an)開(kai)孔尺寸開(kai)孔，如(ru)圖(tu)1。再將(jiang)裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)按(an)圖(tu)2所示放(fang)(fang)入(ru)開(kai)孔中(zhong)，直到裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)面(mian)板靠住機(ji)柜的(de)面(mian)板。將(jiang)支(zhi)架(jia)(jia)放(fang)(fang)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)于機(ji)柜面(mian)板的(de)內部（上(shang)下各有(you)一個(ge)支(zhi)架(jia)(jia)），如(ru)圖(tu)3，旋(xuan)轉4個(ge)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)螺(luo)絲，使裝置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)牢固(gu)固(gu)定(ding)(ding)在(zai)(zai)機(ji)柜面(mian)板上(shang)，后蓋(gai)上(shang)4個(ge)翻(fan)(fan)蓋(gai)即可。（翻(fan)(fan)蓋(gai)上(shang)方有(you)小缺(que)口，拆卸時需用(yong)一字(zi)螺(luo)絲刀(dao)插(cha)入(ru)小缺(que)口將(jiang)翻(fan)(fan)蓋(gai)取下。）

3.2 APView500電能質量在(zai)線監測(ce)裝(zhuang)置

APView500電(dian)(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)在線監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)裝置集諧(xie)波分析、波形采樣、電(dian)(dian)壓暫降/暫升/中斷、閃變(bian)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)、電(dian)(dian)壓不平(ping)衡度監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)、事件記錄、測(ce)(ce)(ce)量(liang)控制等功能(neng)為一體。能(neng)夠滿足(zu)110kV及以下(xia)供電(dian)(dian)系統電(dian)(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)的要求，廣泛(fan)適(shi)用(yong)于化工(gong)、鋼鐵、冶金、醫(yi)院、數據中心、交(jiao)通建筑等行業(ye)的電(dian)(dian)能(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)(jian)測(ce)(ce)(ce)。

?技術參數

?監測精度

?基本功能