安科瑞AM5SE-M微機保護裝置案例

簡婷

安科瑞電(dian)氣(qi)股份有限公司(si)，上海 嘉定 201801；

摘 要：油田開發已成為我增強力(li)和提高(gao)地(di)位(wei)的個重要(yao)因(yin)素，而油田能源(yuan)(yuan)站中(zhong)集中(zhong)供暖(nuan)系統機房的安全運行顯得(de)尤為重要(yao)。本文介紹的微(wei)機保(bao)護裝置(zhi)，可(ke)以(yi)對不同保(bao)護對象(xiang)提供對應(ying)的保(bao)護功能，不僅(jin)可(ke)以(yi)使(shi)能源(yuan)(yuan)站實現綜合自動(dong)(dong)化，還(huan)可(ke)以(yi)有效(xiao)地(di)降低工作人員的勞動(dong)(dong)強度，提高(gao)設備運行的可(ke)靠性。

關鍵詞：油田能源站；微(wei)機保護裝置；自動化；可靠運行

安科瑞AM5SE-M微機保護裝置案例

0 引言

       微機保護是用來對電動機、變壓器母線(xian)、輸配電線(xian)路等電氣元件進行(xing)(xing)(xing)監視和(he)保護的種自動化裝置。當(dang)這些元件發(fa)生故(gu)障或出(chu)現(xian)不(bu)正(zheng)常運行(xing)(xing)(xing)情況時，能(neng)發(fa)出(chu)使(shi)故(gu)障元件退出(chu)運行(xing)(xing)(xing)的操作命令，或給值班人員發(fa)出(chu)警告信息，它和(he)其它裝置配合工作，可(ke)以大(da)大(da)地提高用電系統的安(an)全運行(xing)(xing)(xing)水平。

江(jiang)漢(han)油(you)田項(xiang)目能源(yuan)站在運行(xing)過(guo)程中，旦(dan)發生(sheng)事故(gu)(gu)，要(yao)求盡快地將故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)元件(jian)切除，縮小事故(gu)(gu)范圍，為(wei)了避免事故(gu)(gu)的(de)擴大(da)，切除故(gu)(gu)障(zhang)元件(jian)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)要(yao)求很(hen)短(duan)，靠(kao)值班人員手動(dong)操作有時(shi)無(wu)法辦(ban)到，借助微機保護裝置(zhi)可以實現。

安科瑞AM5SE-M微機保護裝置案例 

1 項目概況

      本(ben)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)為(wei)江(jiang)漢油田供熱移交改(gai)造項目，共(gong)有七個能源站。本(ben)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)為(wei)集中供暖系統機房，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源進線(xian)采(cai)用(yong)WDZ-YJY-6/10kV電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜，低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)干線(xian)采(cai)用(yong)WDZ-YJY-0.6/1.0kV型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜沿橋架引至各末端配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)箱及(ji)(ji)設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)。設(she)(she)(she)(she)有6KV開(kai)關(guan)柜(ju)、變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器柜(ju)和低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)等，設(she)(she)(she)(she)置臺(tai)1250KVA非晶合金節(jie)能型低(di)噪聲干式變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器，變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器設(she)(she)(she)(she)置IP30外殼護(hu)罩并帶(dai)風(feng)扇和溫度控制設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)，6kV配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)室設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)容量為(wei)3718kw，0.4kV配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)室設(she)(she)(she)(she)備(bei)容量為(wei)923.6kw。變(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)采(cai)用(yong)能量監(jian)(jian)控系統，能實時進行系統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力參(can)數(shu)數(shu)據采(cai)集，并通(tong)過(guo)計算(suan)機實時監(jian)(jian)視、控制信(xin)號(hao)該系統通(tong)過(guo)通(tong)訊(xun)接口(kou)可與BAS系統聯網。變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器采(cai)用(yong)過(guo)流、速斷、單(dan)相接地保護(hu)（序）、變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器高(gao)溫報警和溫跳閘保護(hu)，變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)開(kai)關(guan)采(cai)用(yong)長延時、短延時保護(hu)。在(zai)(zai)高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)及(ji)(ji)低(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)分別設(she)(she)(she)(she)置無(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)補(bu)償裝置，以集中補(bu)償形式使高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)側(ce)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)因數(shu)提高(gao)到0.95以上。本(ben)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機啟(qi)動(dong)采(cai)用(yong)變(bian)頻啟(qi)動(dong)方式，所(suo)有變(bian)頻器均自帶(dai)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗器及(ji)(ji)EMC濾(lv)波器，熱源井(jing)深井(jing)泵(beng)采(cai)用(yong)軟(ruan)啟(qi)動(dong)方式，高(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)主(zhu)機啟(qi)動(dong)柜(ju)自帶(dai)逐時計量電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能表，可實現三相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)/電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流監(jian)(jian)測、單(dan)相電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)/電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流監(jian)(jian)測、頻率(lv)(lv)監(jian)(jian)測、有功(gong)(gong)(gong)/無(wu)功(gong)(gong)(gong)/視在(zai)(zai)功(gong)(gong)(gong)率(lv)(lv)監(jian)(jian)測、逐時計量功(gong)(gong)(gong)能、通(tong)訊(xun)功(gong)(gong)(gong)能。

2 產品需求

      本(ben)次針(zhen)對(dui)江漢油田(tian)項目(mu)能(neng)源站(zhan)(zhan)中電動機(ji)(ji)啟(qi)動柜需要(yao)配置(zhi)電動機(ji)(ji)保護(hu)(hu)裝置(zhi)AM5SE-M，主要(yao)通過以下保護(hu)(hu)功能(neng)實現對(dui)能(neng)源站(zhan)(zhan)電動機(ji)(ji)的運行情(qing)況實時(shi)監(jian)視和保護(hu)(hu)：

1）過流段保護

異步電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)在啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)很大(da)，通(tong)常能達到(dao)5～8倍額(e)定電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)(Ie)，啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時間能長(chang)達幾十秒。裝置設兩個過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)段定值(zhi)，在啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)采(cai)用(yong)“啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)時過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)段定值(zhi)”，該(gai)值(zhi)按(an)躲(duo)過(guo)(guo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)整定，等(deng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)結束后(hou)，自(zi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)采(cai)用(yong)“運(yun)行時過(guo)(guo)流(liu)(liu)段定值(zhi)”，該(gai)值(zhi)按(an)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)自(zi)啟(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)和區(qu)外出口短路時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)(dong)機(ji)反(fan)饋電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)考慮，取兩個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)中(zhong)的大(da)者。

2）過流二段保護

在電動機運行過程中，當三相(xiang)電流有相(xiang)大于(yu)過流保護的整(zheng)定值時(shi)(shi)，經延時(shi)(shi)保護動作，該功能(neng)在電動機啟動完畢后有效(xiao)。

3）兩(liang)段(duan)式(shi)負序過(guo)流保護

當電(dian)動機出現三相(xiang)電(dian)壓不平衡(heng)、斷相(xiang)、反相(xiang)、匝間短路時(shi)，會產(chan)生負(fu)序電(dian)流。裝置設有(you)兩段定(ding)時(shi)限負(fu)序過(guo)流保護(hu)，均由獨立控制字選擇功能投(tou)退(tui)，負(fu)序過(guo)流段用于(yu)跳閘，負(fu)序二段用于(yu)告警。

4）兩(liang)段式序過流(liu)保護

當序(xu)電(dian)流大于(yu)序(xu)電(dian)流定(ding)值時(shi)，裝置經延時(shi)保護動作(zuo)。裝置設(she)有兩段(duan)式序(xu)過流保護，均由獨立控制字實現(xian)投退

5）熱過載保護

電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)過負荷(he)、啟動(dong)時(shi)間過長、堵轉(zhuan)等會(hui)產生較大(da)的正序電(dian)流(liu)；而斷相、不(bu)(bu)對(dui)稱(cheng)短路、輸入電(dian)壓不(bu)(bu)對(dui)稱(cheng)時(shi)會(hui)同時(shi)產生較大(da)的正序和負序電(dian)流(liu)，根(gen)據(ju)電(dian)動(dong)機(ji)定子正序和負序電(dian)流(liu)引起的發熱(re)特(te)征，可對(dui)上述故障提供(gong)熱(re)過載保護。

6）過負荷保護

電(dian)動機(ji)運(yun)行過程(cheng)中(zhong)，出現(xian)超過電(dian)機(ji)正常運(yun)行電(dian)流(liu)時的保(bao)(bao)護。裝置設有過負荷(he)告警、過負荷(he)跳閘保(bao)(bao)護，由獨立(li)控制(zhi)字(zi)實現(xian)功能投(tou)退(tui)，保(bao)(bao)護功能在電(dian)機(ji)處于運(yun)行狀態時有效(xiao)(xiao)，在啟(qi)動過程(cheng)中(zhong)失效(xiao)(xiao)。

7）堵轉保護

電機由于(yu)負(fu)荷過大或自身機械原因造成電機軸(zhou)被(bei)卡(ka)住等(deng)故障電流很大的保(bao)(bao)(bao)護。在(zai)電動(dong)機啟動(dong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)堵轉(zhuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護閉鎖(suo)，電機進入運行狀態后堵轉(zhuan)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護才有效(xiao)。

8）FC回路配(pei)合的過流(liu)閉鎖功能

本(ben)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)設置(zhi)(zhi)了(le)大電流閉鎖保(bao)(bao)護動(dong)作的(de)功能，用(yong)于斷(duan)(duan)路(lu)器(qi)開(kai)斷(duan)(duan)容量不足或現場為FC回路(lu)的(de)情況。當故障電流大于電流閉鎖保(bao)(bao)護定值時(shi)，閉鎖裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護出口(kou)(kou)，以保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)器(qi)先熔(rong)斷(duan)(duan)。當故障電流小于閉鎖保(bao)(bao)護定值時(shi)，經延(yan)時(shi)開(kai)放(fang)所有(you)保(bao)(bao)護出口(kou)(kou)。

此外(wai)，本裝置還設有反(fan)時限(xian)過(guo)流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、負(fu)序反(fan)時限(xian)過(guo)流(liu)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、啟動時間過(guo)長保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、非(fei)電量保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、低電壓保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、電壓不平衡保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、相(xiang)序保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、電壓斷相(xiang)保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、過(guo)電壓保(bao)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)、PT斷線告(gao)警(jing)、控(kong)制回路斷線告(gao)警(jing)、序過(guo)壓告(gao)警(jing)功能。

3 產品方案

      整個項目共設7個能源(yuan)(yuan)站，每個能源(yuan)(yuan)站的進(jin)線柜和(he)變壓器柜此次不設微機(ji)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置，電動機(ji)柜裝(zhuang)設電動機(ji)保(bao)護裝(zhuang)置AM5SE-M，以(yi)其中(zhong)個能源(yuan)(yuan)站為例(li)，上(shang)圖方(fang)案(an)如下：

            每(mei)個能源站所設微機保護(hu)型(xing)號與數量(liang)如下：

4 現場安裝圖片

      本項目微機保護就地分散安裝在各個高壓開關柜(ju)上，現場(chang)安裝如(ru)下圖所(suo)示(shi)，該項目已于2019年送電使(shi)用，運(yun)行正常。

圖(tu)1 微機保(bao)護在江漢(han)油田項目現場安裝(zhuang)圖(tu)片

作者簡介：

簡婷(ting)，女(nv)，本科  安科瑞電氣股份(fen)有限公司(si)，主要(yao)研究方(fang)向為(wei)智(zhi)能電網供配電