程(cheng)瑜 

安科瑞電(dian)氣股份有限公司(si) 上(shang)海嘉定 201801

摘要：本文對“運(yun)維合一”變電(dian)所變電(dian)所集(ji)中檢修(xiu)現(xian)場的(de)安全管理進行了研究探討，指(zhi)出了大(da)型集(ji)中檢修(xiu)工作現(xian)場存在(zai)的(de)安全隱(yin)患，并結合實際工作經(jing)驗(yan)，提出了做好現(xian)場安全管理的(de)辦法。

關鍵(jian)詞：運維(wei)合(he)一；集中(zhong)檢修施工現場；安全管(guan)理

0前言

安全(quan)生產是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力企業工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)中之重(zhong)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)運(yun)行(xing)與否，不僅僅關系到(dao)企業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟效益，還(huan)會有(you)(you)較大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)社會影響，而(er)1lOkV變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)可靠供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)起著重(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支撐作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。隨(sui)著電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網快速的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)和日趨復雜，新(xin)設(she)備(bei)、新(xin)技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大量采用(yong)(yong)，1lOkV變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)從有(you)(you)人值班(ban)到(dao)無人值班(ban)(集(ji)(ji)中監控分散(san)操作(zuo))方式變(bian)(bian)化，現在(zai)又在(zai)我(wo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)區(qu)進(jin)行(xing)“運(yun)維合一(yi)(yi)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。現在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)區(qu)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)已達45座，每年年度(du)預試工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)繁(fan)重(zhong)，但(dan)(dan)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)由于在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網建(jian)設(she)還(huan)在(zai)逐步完善過程中，lOkV配(pei)網手拉(la)手工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程未全(quan)部普及(ji)，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)所(suo)(suo)(suo)供(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)負荷又很(hen)大還(huan)有(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)些化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)等重(zhong)要用(yong)(yong)戶，變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)長周(zhou)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)停電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)預試是不可能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，為了適應電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需要。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)現階段我(wo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)區(qu)在(zai)開展(zhan)“運(yun)維合一(yi)(yi)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時在(zai)運(yun)行(xing)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)進(jin)行(xing)預試集(ji)(ji)中檢(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，集(ji)(ji)中檢(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)可以(yi)大幅(fu)縮短預試施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)周(zhou)期(qi)，是提(ti)(ti)高變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)設(she)備(bei)運(yun)行(xing)水(shui)平(ping)一(yi)(yi)條(tiao)可行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)道路。但(dan)(dan)是集(ji)(ji)中檢(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)間隔(ge)多，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員多相應必然帶來運(yun)行(xing)高風(feng)險(xian)，影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)可靠供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。所(suo)(suo)(suo)以(yi)我(wo)們(men)須采取(qu)可靠的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，提(ti)(ti)高“運(yun)維合一(yi)(yi)”形式下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所(suo)(suo)(suo)集(ji)(ji)中檢(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)管(guan)理水(shui)平(ping)。

1集中檢修施工現場對變電所安全的(de)影響

一般來說，變電所(suo)大型集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)檢(jian)修工作(zuo)現(xian)場(chang)管(guan)理難點主要有以(yi)下幾點：施工時(shi)(shi)間(jian)緊。一般變電所(suo)的(de)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)檢(jian)修工作(zuo)安排時(shi)(shi)間(jian)為9：00～17：00；運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)方式變化大，操作(zuo)頻(pin)繁。在“運(yun)(yun)(yun)維合(he)一”工作(zuo)模式下，變電所(suo)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)檢(jian)修前期運(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)方式變化所(suo)涉及的(de)開(kai)票(piao)、倒閘操作(zuo)工作(zuo)量大；

安(an)全(quan)意(yi)識不(bu)足。“運維(wei)合一(yi)”工作(zuo)(zuo)模式下(xia)，工作(zuo)(zuo)人員由運維(wei)人員組成(cheng)，相比相關(guan)檢修(xiu)人員，安(an)全(quan)意(yi)識不(bu)強(qiang)，存在搶工期、不(bu)重視安(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)現(xian)象；作(zuo)(zuo)業環境復雜多變。有的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)業點距離(li)帶電設備較(jiao)近，有的(de)(de)施工任務對運行設備存在影響(例如(ru)lOkV備自投校(xiao)驗(yan)等(deng))。

2現場安(an)全管理辦法

運行(xing)人員在集中(zhong)檢修(xiu)施工(gong)現場管(guan)理中(zhong)，要有針對性的采取措(cuo)施，使(shi)用一些切實(shi)可行(xing)的管(guan)理辦法，保證工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)期間的安(an)全運行(xing)。

（1）運(yun)檢站應提(ti)(ti)前(qian)介入前(qian)期準備工作，積極參與(yu)施工方(fang)(fang)案的討論(lun)，從運(yun)行(xing)角度提(ti)(ti)出(chu)看法(fa)和注(zhu)意事(shi)項。由于運(yun)行(xing)人(ren)員(yuan)熟悉所轄變電所的現場實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)運(yun)行(xing)情況(kuang)，可(ke)以防(fang)止施工方(fang)(fang)案脫離運(yun)行(xing)實(shi)(shi)際(ji)(ji)，保證方(fang)(fang)案的科學(xue)性(xing)。

（2）在施(shi)工(gong)方案確(que)定(ding)后，運檢(jian)站應組織全體運檢(jian)工(gong)討論學習，并對工(gong)作人員進(jin)行培(pei)訓(xun)，使之了解并掌握施(shi)工(gong)目的(de)、工(gong)作內容。發動大(da)家一起排模(mo)工(gong)程(cheng)中存在的(de)危(wei)險點(dian)，并進(jin)行預控(kong)。同時，運檢(jian)站應根據施(shi)工(gong)現(xian)場實際，制(zhi)定(ding)現(xian)場安(an)全提(ti)示牌(pai)。

施(shi)工現場(chang)(chang)(chang)布置(zhi)圖：用不同顏(yan)色(se)明確現場(chang)(chang)(chang)施(shi)工區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、工器(qi)具堆放區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、備(bei)品備(bei)件(jian)堆放區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、廢品堆放區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)、設(she)備(bei)加(jia)工區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)，以及施(shi)工人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進出路線，現場(chang)(chang)(chang)安(an)(an)全(quan)隔離措施(shi)情(qing)況等(deng)，使運行人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和檢修人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)對施(shi)工現場(chang)(chang)(chang)布置(zhi)情(qing)況一目(mu)了然。防止非工作人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進入施(shi)工區(qu)(qu)域(yu)(yu)，保證現場(chang)(chang)(chang)施(shi)工人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的人身安(an)(an)全(quan)，并(bing)提(ti)高現場(chang)(chang)(chang)文明施(shi)工水平。

開關柜位圖施工區(qu)域標示：用不同顏色區(qu)分運(yun)行設(she)備與(yu)集中檢修(xiu)設(she)備的分界面(mian)，明確提醒(xing)現場施工人員注意與(yu)帶(dai)電運(yun)行設(she)備保持安全距(ju)離。

施工現(xian)場(chang)危險點預(yu)控(kong)圖(tu)：明確的指出施工現(xian)場(chang)可能(neng)(neng)存在的安全隱患(huan)和(he)危險點，及其(qi)可能(neng)(neng)造成(cheng)的后果(guo)及預(yu)防辦法等，對施工人員和(he)運(yun)行人員提出警(jing)示。

人員(yuan)職責(ze)(ze)圖：明確工(gong)程(cheng)所涉工(gong)作人員(yuan)的(de)(de)職責(ze)(ze)，分(fen)工(gong)細致，責(ze)(ze)任(ren)到人，便于(yu)各部門之間(jian)的(de)(de)工(gong)作協調與聯系(xi)。

現場設備(bei)(bei)示意圖(tu)：設立(li)一面大白板，畫上工(gong)程涉及的一次設備(bei)(bei)模擬圖(tu)，根據(ju)施工(gong)方案，用不同顏(yan)色標(biao)明當天施工(gong)范(fan)圍及檢(jian)修人(ren)員工(gong)作安(an)排，幫助(zhu)運行人(ren)員掌握現場情況。

施工人(ren)(ren)員進(jin)入設備區(qu)(qu)注意事項：提醒施工人(ren)(ren)員進(jin)入設備運行區(qu)(qu)域(yu)應注意的各類事項，強化現(xian)場施工人(ren)(ren)員的安(an)全意識。

（3）在工(gong)程開始后，運行人(ren)員要將工(gong)作(zuo)重點向前(qian)移，將工(gong)作(zuo)做實、做細。可(ke)分為(wei)幾(ji)個(ge)方(fang)面：

站長應根據每(mei)個階段的改造工(gong)(gong)作，提(ti)前(qian)會(hui)同(tong)全體(ti)工(gong)(gong)作人員進行(xing)(xing)該階段危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)點(dian)排模預控(kong)，制(zhi)定(ding)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)點(dian)預控(kong)表(biao)，包括(kuo)操作危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)點(dian)、施工(gong)(gong)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)點(dian)、運行(xing)(xing)方式危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)點(dian)及預防辦法和事(shi)故(gu)預案。特別要(yao)注意(yi)：在一個改造階段中(zhong)，有的設備存在狀態改變的情況，運行(xing)(xing)人員對此要(yao)及時(shi)掌握(wo)。危(wei)(wei)險(xian)(xian)點(dian)排模要(yao)提(ti)前(qian)做好(hao)，傳達(da)到每(mei)個運行(xing)(xing)人員。

技術員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)應(ying)根據集中(zhong)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)項目，提前進行現(xian)場工(gong)(gong)(gong)作踏勘，編寫(xie)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)方案，及(ji)時對(dui)運(yun)(yun)(yun)行人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)參(can)與(yu)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)的運(yun)(yun)(yun)檢(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)進行培訓交(jiao)底。這些工(gong)(gong)(gong)作要(yao)在集中(zhong)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作開(kai)始前完(wan)成，以便運(yun)(yun)(yun)行人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)與(yu)參(can)與(yu)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)的運(yun)(yun)(yun)檢(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作人員(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)掌控操作停(ting)復役及(ji)檢(jian)(jian)修(xiu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作流程。

(4)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)做到(dao)以下幾點:對(dui)停電(dian)申(shen)請，要(yao)根(gen)據施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)案及(ji)(ji)現(xian)場(chang)實(shi)際(ji)情況仔細審(shen)(shen)核(he)所提安(an)(an)全(quan)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)是否滿(man)(man)足要(yao)求，既要(yao)避(bi)免(mian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)狀態低于(yu)實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)求，使工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)無法(fa)進行(xing)，也要(yao)避(bi)免(mian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)狀態超出了(le)實(shi)際(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要(yao)求，增加運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)量(liang)。倒閘(zha)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)前(qian)，運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)須仔細審(shen)(shen)核(he)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)票(piao)，了(le)解操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)目(mu)的(de)，熟(shu)悉操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)內容，必要(yao)時應實(shi)地(di)查看(kan)操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)。審(shen)(shen)核(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)票(piao)。運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)要(yao)在(zai)(zai)收(shou)到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)票(piao)后，根(gen)據施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)案和(he)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)實(shi)際(ji)狀態，確(que)認安(an)(an)全(quan)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)滿(man)(man)足工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)需要(yao)，特別要(yao)注意相鄰帶(dai)電(dian)部位須在(zai)(zai)票(piao)面上交代清(qing)楚。必要(yao)時應去現(xian)場(chang)實(shi)地(di)查看(kan)。對(dui)于(yu)現(xian)場(chang)安(an)(an)全(quan)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)布(bu)置(zhi)(zhi)，既要(yao)保(bao)證安(an)(an)全(quan)，又(you)要(yao)方(fang)(fang)便施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。在(zai)(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)，可(ke)以采取軟隔離(li)和(he)硬隔離(li)相結合(he)的(de)辦法(fa)，與帶(dai)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)距(ju)離(li)較近或運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)經常變換的(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)，可(ke)以用安(an)(an)全(quan)插(cha)桿和(he)安(an)(an)全(quan)圍繩將其(qi)與帶(dai)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)隔離(li)，并根(gen)據工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)范圍、設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)的(de)變化而及(ji)(ji)時改變安(an)(an)全(quan)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。對(dui)于(yu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)進出施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)區域(yu)的(de)道路，如須經過(guo)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)區域(yu)，也應用安(an)(an)全(quan)圍欄隔開(kai)。總(zong)之，現(xian)場(chang)安(an)(an)全(quan)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)做到(dao)：只(zhi)要(yao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)不(bu)跨越安(an)(an)全(quan)措(cuo)(cuo)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，就沒有觸及(ji)(ji)帶(dai)電(dian)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)的(de)危險。同時，在(zai)(zai)每個工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)開(kai)始前(qian)，運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)須將施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)區域(yu)上下、前(qian)后、左右所有可(ke)能碰及(ji)(ji)的(de)帶(dai)電(dian)部位向施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)負責(ze)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)交代清(qing)楚，并確(que)認其(qi)確(que)實(shi)掌(zhang)握。二次工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)時，須將相鄰的(de)屏(ping)門鎖住，并在(zai)(zai)屏(ping)門、露天的(de)空(kong)氣開(kai)關、閘(zha)刀貼“運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)，嚴禁觸碰”警示(shi)牌，同屏(ping)的(de)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)屏(ping)后接線用紅布(bu)封住，裝置(zhi)(zhi)、空(kong)氣開(kai)關、閘(zha)刀貼“運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)行(xing)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)(bei)，嚴禁觸碰”。

(5)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)間，運行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)應了解當天施(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)度，嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)(xing)現場(chang)安全督察(cha)。運行(xing)(xing)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)應根據工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實際(ji)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)有目的(de)的(de)檢查(cha)，對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)違章作業、危及人(ren)(ren)(ren)身或設備的(de)行(xing)(xing)為及時制止糾正，并記錄(lu)在檢查(cha)卡(ka)上。必要(yao)時停止工(gong)(gong)作，要(yao)求(qiu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)位整(zheng)改。在施(shi)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)間對接(jie)(jie)地線(xian)須(xu)嚴(yan)格(ge)控制，外借、掛接(jie)(jie)須(xu)辦理完整(zheng)的(de)手續(xu)，并記錄(lu)在案。對于防(fang)誤(wu)解鎖要(yao)嚴(yan)格(ge)執行(xing)(xing)相關規定，保證施(shi)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)間設備的(de)安全穩定運行(xing)(xing)，防(fang)止留下(xia)隱患。

(6)負(fu)責現(xian)場(chang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)的工(gong)作(zuo)負(fu)責人(ren)應在(zai)開工(gong)前(qian)根據各工(gong)作(zuo)小(xiao)組的檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)計(ji)劃，落實好(hao)工(gong)作(zuo)班成員(yuan)、試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)儀器(qi)、工(gong)器(qi)具及(ji)材料、圖紙(zhi)資料、整定(ding)單(dan)、原(yuan)始修(xiu)(xiu)試(shi)記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)(報(bao)告(gao))、空白原(yuan)始記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)簿和備品備件，避免因工(gong)作(zuo)混亂造(zao)成檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)期延(yan)長。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)人(ren)員(yuan)在(zai)施工(gong)過程中應認(ren)真做好(hao)各項(xiang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)。現(xian)場(chang)測試(shi)數據應認(ren)真分析比較，發現(xian)異常及(ji)時匯(hui)報(bao)。嚴格按檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)藝標準檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)，嚴把檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)質(zhi)量關。工(gong)作(zuo)負(fu)責人(ren)應把檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)完(wan)成情況(kuang)和缺陷處(chu)理(li)情況(kuang)及(ji)剩余問(wen)(wen)題(ti)及(ji)時向項(xiang)目(mu)負(fu)責人(ren)匯(hui)報(bao)。認(ren)真做好(hao)驗(yan)(yan)收、終(zhong)結工(gong)作(zuo)，嚴格執行驗(yan)(yan)收制(zhi)(zhi)度，特別(bie)要(yao)加強(qiang)自驗(yan)(yan)收，發現(xian)問(wen)(wen)題(ti)及(ji)時處(chu)理(li)。認(ren)真履行工(gong)作(zuo)票終(zhong)結制(zhi)(zhi)度，詳細記(ji)錄(lu)(lu)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)情況(kuang)。檢(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)修(xiu)(xiu)工(gong)作(zuo)完(wan)畢后，各工(gong)作(zuo)小(xiao)組應按工(gong)作(zuo)要(yao)求，及(ji)時將(jiang)竣工(gong)資料、完(wan)工(gong)報(bao)告(gao)及(ji)各相關試(shi)驗(yan)(yan)報(bao)告(gao)整理(li)存檔。

(7)設備(bei)(bei)驗收(shou)時，運(yun)(yun)行人(ren)員應側重對設備(bei)(bei)狀態(tai)的(de)驗收(shou)，使用對應的(de)設備(bei)(bei)狀態(tai)交(jiao)接(jie)驗收(shou)檢查(cha)卡，保證設備(bei)(bei)恢復到工作結束前的(de)狀態(tai)，運(yun)(yun)行人(ren)員要加強對接(jie)地(di)點及現場剩余物的(de)檢查(cha)，避(bi)免安全隱(yin)患。

3安科瑞AcrelCloud-1000變電所運維云平臺

3.1概述

基于互聯網＋、大數據(ju)、移動(dong)通(tong)(tong)訊等(deng)技術開發的(de)云(yun)端(duan)管理平臺，滿足用(yong)戶(hu)或(huo)運維公司(si)監(jian)測眾多(duo)變電所回路運行(xing)狀態和(he)參數、室內環(huan)境溫濕度、電纜及母線運行(xing)溫度、現場設備或(huo)環(huan)境視(shi)頻場景等(deng)需求，實現數據(ju)一個中心，集中存儲(chu)、統一管理，方(fang)便使用(yong)，支持具有(you)權限(xian)的(de)用(yong)戶(hu)通(tong)(tong)過電腦、手(shou)機、PAD等(deng)各類終端(duan)鏈接訪問、接收報(bao)警，并完成(cheng)有(you)關設備日常和(he)定期巡檢和(he)派單等(deng)管理工作(zuo)。

3.2應(ying)用場所

適用(yong)于(yu)電信、金融、交通、能源、醫療(liao)衛生、文體(ti)、教育科研、農(nong)林水利、商業(ye)服(fu)務、公(gong)用(yong)事業(ye)等行業(ye)變配電運行維護系統的新建、擴建和改建。

3.3系(xi)統(tong)結構

系統(tong)可分為四層：即感知層、傳(chuan)輸層、應用層和(he)展示層。

感知層：包(bao)含變電所安裝的多功能儀表、溫(wen)濕度監測裝置(zhi)、攝像(xiang)頭、開關量采集(ji)裝置(zhi)等。除攝像(xiang)頭外(wai)，其它設(she)備通過RS485總線接入現場智(zhi)能網關RS485端口。

傳輸層(ceng)：包(bao)含現(xian)場智能(neng)網關(guan)和交換(huan)機等設(she)備。智能(neng)網關(guan)主(zhu)動采集現(xian)場設(she)備層(ceng)設(she)備的數(shu)據(ju)，并可進(jin)行規約轉換(huan)，數(shu)據(ju)存(cun)儲(chu)，并通(tong)過(guo)交換(huan)機把數(shu)據(ju)上(shang)(shang)傳至(zhi)服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)端口，網絡故障時(shi)數(shu)據(ju)可存(cun)儲(chu)在(zai)本(ben)地，待(dai)網絡恢復時(shi)從中斷(duan)的位置繼續上(shang)(shang)傳數(shu)據(ju)，保證服(fu)務(wu)器(qi)端數(shu)據(ju)不(bu)丟(diu)失(shi)。

應用層(ceng)：包含應用服(fu)(fu)務器和數據(ju)(ju)庫服(fu)(fu)務器，若(ruo)變電所數量小于(yu)30個則應用服(fu)(fu)務器和數據(ju)(ju)庫服(fu)(fu)務器可以合一配置。服(fu)(fu)務器需要具備固(gu)定(ding)IP地址，以接收各(ge)智能網關主動傳送過來的數據(ju)(ju)。

展(zhan)示(shi)層(ceng)：用戶通過手機(ji)、平板(ban)、電(dian)腦等多(duo)終端的(de)方(fang)式訪問平臺信息。

3.4系統(tong)功能

3.4.1用能(neng)月報

用能(neng)月報支(zhi)持用戶按總用電量、變(bian)電站名稱、變(bian)電站編號等查詢所管理站所的用電量，查詢跨度可設置為(wei)月。

3.4.2站點監測

站點監測(ce)包括概(gai)況、運行(xing)狀(zhuang)態、當(dang)日(ri)事(shi)件記錄、當(dang)日(ri)逐時用(yong)電曲線、用(yong)電概(gai)況。

3.4.3變(bian)壓器狀態

變(bian)壓器狀(zhuang)態(tai)支持(chi)用戶查詢所(suo)(suo)有(you)或(huo)某個站所(suo)(suo)的變(bian)壓器功率(lv)、負荷率(lv)、等(deng)運行狀(zhuang)態(tai)數據，支持(chi)按負荷率(lv)、功率(lv)等(deng)升、降序排名(ming)。

3.4.4運維(wei)

運維展示當前用戶管理的有關(guan)變電所在(zai)地圖上位(wei)置及總量信(xin)息。

3.4.5配(pei)電(dian)圖

配(pei)電圖展示被(bei)選中的變電所的配(pei)電信(xin)息，配(pei)電圖顯示各回路的開關狀態、電流(liu)等(deng)(deng)運行狀態及信(xin)息，支(zhi)持電壓、電流(liu)、功率等(deng)(deng)詳細運行參數查詢。

3.4.6視(shi)頻監控

視頻(pin)監(jian)控展示(shi)了當(dang)前實時畫(hua)面（視頻(pin)直播），選中某一個(ge)變(bian)配(pei)電站，即可查看該變(bian)配(pei)電站內視頻(pin)信息。

3.4.7電力(li)運行報表

電(dian)力運行(xing)報表(biao)(biao)顯示選(xuan)定站所(suo)選(xuan)定設(she)備各回路采集間隔運行(xing)參數和電(dian)能抄(chao)表(biao)(biao)的實時值及(ji)平均值行(xing)統計。

3.4.8報警信息

對平(ping)臺(tai)所(suo)有(you)報警(jing)信息進行分析。

3.4.9任(ren)務管理(li)

任務管理頁面可以發布巡(xun)(xun)檢(jian)或(huo)(huo)消缺任務，查看(kan)巡(xun)(xun)檢(jian)或(huo)(huo)消缺任務的(de)狀(zhuang)態和完成(cheng)情(qing)況，可以點(dian)擊查看(kan)任務查看(kan)具體的(de)巡(xun)(xun)檢(jian)信息。

3.4.10用戶報告(gao)

用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)報(bao)告頁面(mian)主要用(yong)(yong)于對(dui)(dui)選定的變配(pei)電站自(zi)動匯(hui)總一個月的運行數據，對(dui)(dui)變壓器負荷、配(pei)電回路用(yong)(yong)電量、功(gong)率(lv)因數、報(bao)警事件等進行統(tong)計(ji)分析(xi)，并列出在該(gai)周期內巡檢(jian)時(shi)發(fa)現的各類缺陷及處理情況。

3.4.11APP監測

3.12APP支(zhi)電力(li)運維(wei)手(shou)機(ji)支(zhi)持“監(jian)控系統(tong)”、“設備檔案(an)”、“待(dai)辦(ban)事(shi)項(xiang)”、“巡檢(jian)記錄”、“缺(que)陷記錄”、“文檔管(guan)理(li)”和(he)“用(yong)戶報告”七(qi)大(da)模塊，支(zhi)持一次圖、需量(liang)、用(yong)電量(liang)、視頻、曲(qu)線、溫濕度、同比(bi)、環(huan)比(bi)、電能質量(liang)、各種事(shi)件報警(jing)查詢，設備檔案(an)查詢、待(dai)辦(ban)事(shi)件處理(li)、巡檢(jian)記錄查詢、用(yong)戶報告、文檔管(guan)理(li)等。

3.5系統硬件配(pei)置

4結束(shu)語(yu)

變(bian)電所集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)檢修現場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全管理直接關系到變(bian)電所的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全運(yun)行，對電網(wang)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全可靠供(gong)電有著直接的(de)(de)(de)影響。因此(ci)，如何(he)提(ti)高變(bian)電所集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)檢修現場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全管理水平，保證(zheng)工(gong)作期(qi)間的(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)全運(yun)行，是(shi)在“運(yun)維(wei)合一”模式下(xia)運(yun)檢站工(gong)作人員(yuan)應深入探(tan)索的(de)(de)(de)一個課題。

參考文獻

[1]國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)網公(gong)司電(dian)力安全工(gong)作規程(變電(dian)部(bu)分(fen))M].國(guo)家(jia)電(dian)網安監(jian)[2009]664號.

[2]變電所運行管理規(gui)范(fan)[M].浙江省電力公司企業(ye)標準(zhun)Q/GDW-11-252-2010.

[3]屠楚明,肖波,徐偉,等(deng).淺談“運維合一”模(mo)式下(xia)變電所集中檢(jian)修(xiu)施工現(xian)場的安全管理.

[4]安科瑞企業微電網設計與(yu)應用設計,2022,05版.

作者簡介

程瑜，女(nv)，現任職與安(an)科瑞電(dian)氣股份有限公司(si)