簡婷

安科瑞電氣(qi)股份有限公司 上海嘉定201801

關鍵詞：充電樁；使用；前景

  近年來，由(you)于溫室效應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不斷加(jia)劇，降(jiang)低碳(tan)排放已(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)各國發展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)任(ren)務(wu)，作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)降(jiang)低碳(tan)排放重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)工具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)再一次收到(dao)了重(zhong)視，在我國，十二五(wu)規劃(hua)中(zhong)，更(geng)是把(ba)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)汽車(che)產(chan)業作(zuo)(zuo)為(wei)(wei)重(zhong)點扶持(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產(chan)業。而本智(zhi)能共享充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁以單片機為(wei)(wei)核(he)心，充(chong)分提供了安全(quan)、有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)方式(shi)。其(qi)由(you)4大部分構成(cheng)，主(zhu)(zhu)體部分主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)由(you)總(zong)控(kong)模(mo)塊構成(cheng)，總(zong)控(kong)模(mo)塊主(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)進行信息處理，信息發接收等工作(zuo)(zuo)。總(zong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來說，加(jia)入單片機的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁可以面向更(geng)多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場所，不僅(jin)是在充(chong)電(dian)(dian)站，還(huan)可以放置在街頭、小區等各個地方，在提供安全(quan)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，更(geng)方便了車(che)主(zhu)(zhu)自由(you)充(chong)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需(xu)求，因此，關(guan)于單片機為(wei)(wei)核(he)心的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)智(zhi)能充(chong)電(dian)(dian)樁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研究非常具有意義。

2 新能源充電樁安裝位置的選擇優化

  結合純(chun)(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)的安(an)裝(zhuang)特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)，在(zai)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)布置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中應該做到以(yi)下幾(ji)點(dian)(dian)。，確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)純(chun)(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)的布置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)特(te)(te)點(dian)(dian)。在(zai)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)中，需要結合以(yi)往(wang)經驗，在(zai)集(ji)中布置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)快慢充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)插座時，雖然(ran)占用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的空間較大，但是在(zai)實際的使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)中，需要利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)原(yuan)有的充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，稍微增加布置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)空間，以(yi)滿(man)足用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)對充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的選(xuan)擇需求(qiu)，降低(di)(di)成本開發難度，提(ti)高新能源充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)選(xuan)擇的整(zheng)體(ti)效率(lv)，為新能源產業的持續運行提(ti)供支持。第二，純(chun)(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)方案布置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)中，一定(ding)要降低(di)(di)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)口(kou)的承載力(li)，可以(yi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)橡膠密(mi)封圈進行固(gu)定(ding)。如三段式充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)中，應該采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)限流充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的方法，其(qi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程。通過純(chun)(chun)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)車(che)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)安(an)裝(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)，滿(man)足用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)需求(qiu)，并科(ke)學確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)插座位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，實現充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)樁(zhuang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)安(an)裝(zhuang)及確(que)(que)(que)定(ding)的有效性(xing)。

  目前(qian)，國內(nei)一些廠商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)既是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)制造商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，如(ru)(ru)珠海泰坦能(neng)源科技(ji)股份(fen)有限(xian)公司(si)(si)、青島(dao)特銳德電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)氣股份(fen)有限(xian)公司(si)(si)等；另(ling)外一些電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力企業(ye)則僅(jin)僅(jin)作(zuo)為充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，不自己生(sheng)產充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)而是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)通過采購的(de)(de)(de)形式進行運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)，比如(ru)(ru)國家(jia)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網、南方電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網等；后一部(bu)分(fen)廠商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)既是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)也是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)方案(an)的(de)(de)(de)解決商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)，如(ru)(ru)深圳充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網科技(ji)有限(xian)公司(si)(si)。由(you)于(yu)各個廠商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)之間(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)及運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)領(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)業(ye)模(mo)(mo)式差別(bie)大，設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)基本(ben)上已實(shi)現盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)，運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)平均仍需5-7年(nian)才能(neng)回(hui)收(shou)成(cheng)本(ben)，為了(le)縮短成(cheng)本(ben)回(hui)收(shou)時間(jian)(jian)，亟待探索多(duo)(duo)元的(de)(de)(de)盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式。由(you)于(yu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)廠商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)較多(duo)(duo)，且(qie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)大多(duo)(duo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)都(dou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)依(yi)(yi)照(zhao)國標生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)零件，所以充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)領(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)已成(cheng)為紅海，部(bu)分(fen)原來僅(jin)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)生(sheng)產商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)公司(si)(si)逐(zhu)漸開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)向(xiang)下游運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)領(ling)(ling)(ling)域(yu)(yu)延伸(shen)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備(bei)(bei)商(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)(shang)由(you)于(yu)發展較早，進入門檻較低(di)，利(li)(li)(li)(li)潤空間(jian)(jian)有限(xian)、存在同質化現象(xiang)嚴(yan)重，故(gu)開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)向(xiang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)施(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)布局，并開(kai)(kai)始(shi)(shi)積極探索多(duo)(duo)元的(de)(de)(de)盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)模(mo)(mo)式，已達到回(hui)收(shou)設(she)(she)施(shi)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)成(cheng)本(ben)。區別(bie)與傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)模(mo)(mo)式——主(zhu)要依(yi)(yi)靠(kao)收(shou)取(qu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務(wu)(wu)費的(de)(de)(de)方式，如(ru)(ru)今，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務(wu)(wu)費+個別(bie)增值(zhi)服務(wu)(wu)費和(he)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務(wu)(wu)費+充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)APP運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)費用(yong)也成(cheng)為盈(ying)利(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)流(liu)模(mo)(mo)式。其中充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務(wu)(wu)費+個人(ren)增值(zhi)服務(wu)(wu)費的(de)(de)(de)意思是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)依(yi)(yi)靠(kao)收(shou)取(qu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務(wu)(wu)費和(he)新能(neng)源汽(qi)車(che)租賃(lin)、車(che)位經(jing)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)、新能(neng)源汽(qi)車(che)銷售(shou)等組成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)個別(bie)增值(zhi)服務(wu)(wu)；充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)APP運(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)(yun)營(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)指(zhi)大量的(de)(de)(de)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)數據(ju)形成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)汽(qi)車(che)大數據(ju)費用(yong)。